Teachers must be knowledgeable about communicable diseases to implement preventive measures that promote safety in the classroom and at home. For this two-part assignment, you will take the perspective of an early childhood program teacher or administrator.
In Part A, Lesson Plan: you will design a lesson plan based on an Early Learning Standard and an objective that supports an outcome related to preventing the spread of a communicable disease in an early childhood setting.
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Lesson Plan
Subject: Health and Safety
Grade Level: Early Childhood (3-5 years old)
Time Frame: 30 minutes
Lesson Objective:
- Students will understand the importance of washing their hands to prevent the spread of communicable diseases.
Early Learning Standard:
- Demonstrate basic mental and physical health skills necessary for living a healthy lifestyle.
Materials:
- Picture cards showing different situations (e.g., playing with toys, using the bathroom, eating, coughing)
- Hand soap
- Water
- Towels or hand dryers
- Song or rhyme about washing hands (optional)
Procedure:
1. Introduction (5 minutes)
- Begin the lesson by asking the students if they know what a "germ" is. Allow them to share their ideas and explain that germs are tiny organisms that can make people sick.
- Show the picture cards to the students and ask them to identify the different situations. Explain that germs can be found in all these places and can be spread from person to person if proper handwashing is not done.
- Introduce the concept of handwashing as a way to prevent the spread of germs. Explain that washing hands with soap and water helps to kill germs and keep us healthy.
2. Handwashing Demonstration (10 minutes)
- Gather the students around a sink area and demonstrate the proper handwashing technique.
- Wet hands with water, apply soap, scrub all parts of the hands (including palms, back, between fingers, and under nails) for at least 20 seconds, rinse off the soap, and dry hands with a towel or hand dryer.
- As you perform each step, explain the importance of that step (e.g., applying soap helps to lift and remove germs, scrubbing all parts of the hands ensures that no germs are left behind).
- Repeat the steps again, this time guiding the students to do it along with you. Provide assistance as needed.
3. Handwashing Practice (10 minutes)
- Divide the students into pairs and have them go to the sink area. Provide each pair with some soap and water.
- Allow the students to take turns practicing handwashing following the steps they observed during the demonstration. Monitor their technique and provide guidance as needed.
- After each pair has finished, have them switch roles and repeat the process.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
- Gather the students back together and review the importance of handwashing in preventing the spread of germs.
- Ask the students to share one place or situation where they can remember to wash their hands. Write their answers on the board.
- Sing a handwashing song or recite a handwashing rhyme together to reinforce the message.
- Remind the students that by washing their hands regularly, they are helping to keep themselves and others safe from getting sick.
Assessment:
- Observe the students during the handwashing practice to assess their ability to follow the proper handwashing technique.
- Use open-ended questions during the introduction and conclusion to assess their understanding of the importance of handwashing in preventing the spread of germs.
Extension Activity:
- Provide each student with a sheet of paper and crayons/markers.
- Ask them to draw a picture of themselves washing their hands in a specific situation where handwashing is important (e.g., after using the bathroom, before eating).
- Display the drawings in the classroom or send them home to remind students and their families about the importance of handwashing.
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