You react 16.9 g of nitrogen gas with 16.9 g of hydrogen gas. Determine the mass of ammonia that can be produced from these two reactants.
a. 10.3 g
b. 5.14 g
c. 95. g
d. 143. g
e. 20.5 g
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The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas to form ammonia is:
N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of nitrogen gas reacts with 3 moles of hydrogen gas to produce 2 moles of ammonia.
To calculate the mass of ammonia produced, we first need to determine the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed in the reaction and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.
To find the limiting reactant, we need to compare the number of moles of each reactant involved in the reaction.
The molar mass of nitrogen gas (N2) is 28.02 g/mol, so the number of moles of nitrogen gas is:
16.9 g N2 / 28.02 g/mol = 0.604 mol N2
The molar mass of hydrogen gas (H2) is 2.02 g/mol, so the number of moles of hydrogen gas is:
16.9 g H2 / 2.02 g/mol = 8.366 mol H2
According to the balanced equation, the ratio of moles of nitrogen gas to moles of ammonia is 1:2, and the ratio of moles of hydrogen gas to moles of ammonia is 3:2.
Using the mole ratio, we can calculate the maximum number of moles of ammonia that can be formed from the given amount of nitrogen gas:
0.604 mol N2 * (2 mol NH3 / 1 mol N2) = 1.208 mol NH3
Similarly, we can calculate the maximum number of moles of ammonia that can be formed from the given amount of hydrogen gas:
8.366 mol H2 * (2 mol NH3 / 3 mol H2) = 5.577 mol NH3
The limiting reactant is the one that produces the smaller number of moles of ammonia, which in this case is nitrogen gas (N2). Therefore, nitrogen gas is the limiting reactant in this reaction.
To calculate the mass of ammonia produced, we can use the molar mass of ammonia (NH3), which is 17.03 g/mol.
The number of moles of ammonia formed from the reaction is:
1.208 mol NH3
Multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass of ammonia gives us the mass of ammonia produced:
1.208 mol NH3 * 17.03 g/mol NH3 ≈ 20.59 g NH3
Therefore, the mass of ammonia that can be produced from these two reactants is approximately 20.59 g.
The correct answer is e. 20.5 g.
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