Nature
First of all, be sure to read the footnote to Nature. Emerson's main point in the introduction (which he makes in several of his works, by the way) is that we should not experience nature (or life) through the eyes of “foregoing generations.” We should experience nature on a personal level. He questions, “Why should not we also enjoy an original relation to the universe? Why should we not have a poetry and philosophy of insight and not of tradition, and a religion by revelation to us, and not the history of theirs?” Basically, the transcendentalists expressed faith in the intuition of the individual; each individual should experience life for himself or herself and should create a personal philosophy based on insight – not on what tradition has taught. Keep that in mind as you read the excerpt from Nature.
Your assignment for Nature is to express Emerson’s main points in your own words. Summarize chapter 1 (pp. 554 – 557). Follow the format below and consider the questions for each section.
1. The first two paragraphs. What is his point about the stars? What does he mean by “Nature never wears a mean (there is more than one definition to this word) appearance?”
2. The third paragraph. What is the difference between the wood-cutter (the natural man) and the poet? How does a poet view nature?
3. The fourth paragraph. What is the point Emerson makes about children/adults in relation to nature? What does nature do for those who take the time to experience it? What do you make of the following quote?
“Standing on the bare ground, -- my head bathed by the blithe air, and
uplifted into infinite space, -- all mean egotism vanishes. I become a
transparent eye-ball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal
Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.”
4. The fifth and sixth paragraphs. Focus on this quote from paragraph six: “Nature always wears the colors of the spirit.” Do you see a similarity in Emerson’s message and these opening lines of “Thanatopsis” by William Cullen Bryant? Explain the connection.
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1. In the first two paragraphs of Nature, Emerson emphasizes the beauty and grandeur of the stars, asserting that they are a source of inspiration and wonder. He suggests that when we look up at the stars, we are reminded of the infinite possibilities within the universe. When he says, "Nature never wears a mean appearance," he means that nature is never vulgar or insignificant. Rather, it always presents itself in a way that evokes admiration and awe.
2. In the third paragraph, Emerson compares the wood-cutter, who represents the natural man, to the poet. The wood-cutter sees nature as purely utilitarian, only focusing on its practical use for survival. On the other hand, the poet perceives nature through a lens of imagination and creativity. The poet views nature as a source of beauty, symbolism, and inspiration.
3. In the fourth paragraph, Emerson discusses the relationship between children and adults in relation to nature. He suggests that children have a natural affinity for nature, as they are not yet influenced by societal norms and expectations. For those who take the time to experience nature, it has the power to elevate their spirits and bring them closer to a higher power. The quote emphasizes the idea that when immersed in nature, one's ego and selfishness fade away, allowing them to become a vessel through which the universal energy flows.
4. In the fifth and sixth paragraphs, Emerson states that nature reflects the spirit and emotions of the individual observing it. Just as different individuals perceive and experience nature differently, the colors and essence of nature are filtered through their own spirit and state of mind. This concept aligns with the opening lines of William Cullen Bryant's "Thanatopsis," which express the idea that nature is a teacher and companion in life and death. Both Emerson and Bryant emphasize the interconnectedness between the individual and the natural world, and how nature can provide solace, wisdom, and inspiration.