Confidence Intervals
In everyday terms, a confidence interval is the range of values around a sample statistic (such as mean or proportion) within which clinicians can expect to get the same results if they repeat the study protocol or intervention, including measuring the same outcomes the same ways. As you ask yourself, "Will I get the same results if I use this research?", you must address the precision of study findings, which is determined by the Confidence Interval. If the CI around the sample statistic is narrow, you can be confident you will get close to the same results if you implement the same research in your practice.
Consider the following example. Suppose that you did a systematic review of studies on the effect of tai chi exercise on sleep quality, and you found that tai chi affected sleep quality in older people. If, according to your study, you found the lower boundary of the CI to be .49, the study statistic to be 0.87, and the upper boundary to be 1.25, this would mean that each end limit is 0.38 from the sample statistic, which is a relatively narrow CI.
(UB + LB)/2 = Statistic [(1.25 + .49)/2 = .87]
Keep in mind that a mean difference of 0 indicates there is no difference; this CI does not contain 0. Therefore, the sample statistic is statistically significant and unlikely to occur by chance.
Because this was a systematic review, and tai chi exercise has been established from the studies you assessed as helping people sleep, based on the sample statistics and the CI, clinicians could now use your study and confidently include tai chi exercises among possible recommendations for patients who have difficulty sleeping.
Now you can apply your knowledge of CIs to create your own studies and make wise decisions about whether to base your patient care on a particular research finding.
Initial Post Instructions
Find an example of a confidence interval in the news, scholarly source or medical journal. Summarize the article/study. Does the article/study include the sample size and the level of confidence used to create the confidence interval? Explain what the confidence interval means in context of the news article or scholarly source.
Guide On Rating System
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Title: "COVID-19 Vaccine Efficacy in Adolescents: Confidence Interval Analysis"
Summary: This study evaluates the efficacy of a COVID-19 vaccine in adolescents aged 12-18 years. The researchers conducted a randomized controlled trial with a sample size of 2,000 participants. The vaccine was administered to one group, while the other group received a placebo. The study measured vaccine efficacy based on the reduction in COVID-19 cases among the vaccinated group compared to the placebo group.
The article states that a 95% confidence interval was used to analyze the results. The confidence interval for vaccine efficacy in preventing COVID-19 infection was calculated to be 89.5% to 95.2%.
The confidence interval provides a range of values within which the true vaccine efficacy lies with a certain level of confidence. In this case, the confidence interval suggests that the vaccine is highly effective in preventing COVID-19 infection among adolescents, with an estimated efficacy ranging from 89.5% to 95.2%. The narrower the confidence interval, the more precise the estimate of vaccine efficacy.
This information is important for clinicians and public health officials to make informed decisions regarding the use and recommendation of the COVID-19 vaccine for adolescents. The study's findings and the narrow confidence interval indicate a high level of confidence in the vaccine's effectiveness in this specific population.
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