Explain Mendel’s law of segregation and independent assortment in terms of genetics (OpenStax, section 8.2, half-way down)
1. Restate in your own words:
a) Law of Segregation of alleles =
b) Law of Independent Assortment =
2. Application questions:
How do I see these laws play out in my family’s traits?
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1a) The law of segregation of alleles states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a gene separate from each other so that each gamete carries only one allele.
1b) The law of independent assortment states that the alleles of different genes segregate, or assort, independently of one another during gamete formation.
2. In your family, you may observe the law of segregation when traits that are controlled by a single gene, such as eye color or blood type, exhibit variations. Each parent contributes one allele for each gene to their offspring, and these alleles segregate during gamete formation. This segregation leads to variation in traits among siblings.
The law of independent assortment can be observed when traits that are controlled by different genes, such as hair color and height, are inherited independently of each other. For example, a child can inherit the allele for blonde hair from one parent and the allele for tall height from the other parent, even though these traits are not directly linked. This independent assortment of alleles contributes to the diversity of traits observed within a family.
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