Calculate the molarity of a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution if 25.0 mL of the solution is titrated with 0.10 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, and it takes 30.0 mL of NaOH to reach the endpoint.
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To calculate the molarity of the hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution, we can use the concept of stoichiometry.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is:
HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of NaOH. Therefore, the molar ratio between HCl and NaOH is 1:1.
Given that it takes 30.0 mL of 0.10 M NaOH to reach the endpoint, we can calculate the number of moles of NaOH used in the titration:
moles of NaOH = (volume of NaOH) x (concentration of NaOH)
= 30.0 mL x 0.10 mol/L
= 3.0 mmol
Since the molar ratio between HCl and NaOH is 1:1, the number of moles of HCl dissolved in the 25.0 mL of HCl solution is also 3.0 mmol.
Finally, we can calculate the molarity of the HCl solution:
molarity of HCl = (moles of HCl) / (volume of HCl solution in L)
= 3.0 mmol / 25.0 mL
= 0.12 mol/L
Therefore, the molarity of the hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution is 0.12 M.
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