Calculate the magnetic field strength at a point 10 cm away from a long, straight wire carrying a current of 5 A. Determine the direction of the magnetic field with respect to the wire.
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To calculate the magnetic field strength at a point 10 cm away from the wire, we can use Ampere's law:
B = (μ₀ * I) / (2 * π * r),
where B is the magnetic field strength, μ₀ is the permeability of free space (4π × 10^−7 Tm/A), I is the current in the wire, and r is the distance from the wire.
Given:
Current (I) = 5 A
Distance (r) = 10 cm = 0.1 m
Plugging in these values to the formula:
B = (4π × 10^−7 Tm/A * 5 A) / (2 * π * 0.1 m)
B = (2 * 10^−6 T) / (0.2 m)
B = 10^−5 T
Therefore, the magnetic field strength at a point 10 cm away from the wire is 10^−5 T.
To determine the direction of the magnetic field with respect to the wire, we can use the right-hand rule.
Use your right hand, point your thumb in the direction of the current (from positive to negative), and curl your fingers. Your fingers will then point in the direction of the magnetic field. In this case, if the wire is a straight line and the current is flowing towards you, the magnetic field is circumferential, following the direction of the fingers as you curl your hand.
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