A pharmaceutical company is developing a new drug that requires a specific molar ratio of reactants. Calculate the mass of each reactant needed to produce 100 grams of the desired product, considering the balanced chemical equation.
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In order to calculate the mass of each reactant needed, we first need to know the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Once we have the balanced chemical equation, we can use the molar ratios to determine the amount of each reactant needed.
Let's say the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
aA + bB -> cC + dD
In this equation, A and B are the reactants, C and D are the products, and a, b, c, and d represent the stoichiometric coefficients.
To determine the mass of each reactant needed to produce 100 grams of the desired product, we follow these steps:
1. Determine the molar mass of each reactant (in grams/mol).
2. Calculate the number of moles of the desired product using the molar mass and mass given (100 grams).
3. Use the stoichiometric coefficients (a and b) from the balanced chemical equation to determine the mole ratio of reactants A to B.
4. Calculate the number of moles of reactant A and reactant B needed based on the mole ratio.
5. Multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of each reactant to obtain the mass of each reactant needed.
Let's work through an example:
Suppose the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
2A + 3B -> 4C + 2D
The molar mass of reactant A is 10 g/mol, and the molar mass of reactant B is 20 g/mol.
1. The molar mass of reactant A is 10 g/mol.
2. The number of moles of the desired product is:
Moles of desired product = mass of desired product / molar mass of desired product
Moles of desired product = 100 g / (molar mass of C + molar mass of D)
3. The mole ratio between reactant A and reactant B is:
Moles of A / Moles of B = Stoichiometric coefficient of A / Stoichiometric coefficient of B
Moles of A / Moles of B = 2 / 3
4. Calculate the number of moles of reactant A and reactant B needed:
Moles of A = Moles of desired product x (2 / 3)
Moles of B = Moles of desired product x (3 / 3)
5. Calculate the mass of each reactant needed:
Mass of A = Moles of A x Molar mass of A
Mass of B = Moles of B x Molar mass of B
In summary, to calculate the mass of each reactant needed to produce 100 grams of the desired product, you would follow these steps: determine the molar mass of each reactant, calculate the number of moles of the desired product, use the stoichiometric coefficients to determine the mole ratios of the reactants, calculate the number of moles of each reactant needed, and finally, multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of each reactant to obtain the mass of each reactant needed.
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